(Every day until Christmas, I’ll be posting a science-related image.)
Day 17
![A peek inside CDF, which has been partly opened. The scale is hard to grasp here, but the ladder at the lower right corner might help. Much of what you can see is detector arrays of various sorts, along with the electronics that manage them. [Credit: moi]](https://sciencevspseudoscience.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/cdf_partly_open_snap.jpg?w=500)
A peek inside CDF, which has been partly opened. The scale is hard to grasp here, but the ladder at the lower right corner might help. Much of what you can see is detector arrays of various sorts, along with the electronics that manage them. [Credit: moi]
![The inside of the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). Protons and antiprotons enter the detector from opposite directions, via the thin gray pipe barely visible at the image center. During collisions, these particles dissolve into their constituent quarks and (since this is quantum physics) many other things. [Credit: moi]](https://sciencevspseudoscience.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/cdf_partly_open.jpg)
The inside of the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF). Protons and antiprotons enter the detector from opposite directions, via the thin gray pipe barely visible at the image center. During collisions, these particles dissolve into their constituent quarks and (since this is quantum physics) many more exotic things. [Credit: moi]
Probing matter at its most fundamental requires high energies. We can’t see these particles, even with powerful microscopes: the wavelengths of visible light are much bigger than atoms, so we’ll never see them directly. To get to the constituents of atoms, one of the best ways is to collide particles together and measure what comes out. At sufficiently high energies, if protons collide with each other, they interact on the level of their constituent quarks and gluons. The (unfortunately) now-inoperative Tevatron collider at Fermilab slammed streams of protons and their antiparticle partners, antiprotons, into each other at a high fraction of the speed of light. The huge Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) shown above is one of two Tevatron detectors that measured the energy and momentum of particles produced in these high-energy collisions, sifting through the vast number of byproducts to find new particles, new interactions, and ultimately get at the structure of matter at its most basic. CDF and its fellow Tevatron detector DØ (pronounced “D-zero”) found the top quark, the heaviest and most unstable of the quarks; they also contributed to the discovery of the Higgs boson.
Sometimes to comprehend the very small, we need to construct very large devices.
Galileo's Pendulum 
Very cool. Thanks for writing this, Matthew. Excellent stuff.